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Poland
Republic of Poland
Key facts
- Capital
- Warsaw
- Region
- Europe · Central Europe
- Languages
- Polish
- Currency
- Polish Zloty (PLN)
- Area
- 312,679 km²
- Land borders
- 7 countries
- Landlocked
- No
- UN member
- Yes
European UnionOECDSchengen AreaNATO
Services
World Bank · dashed line = projection
Birth rateDeath rateNet migrationPopulation aged 0 to 14Population aged 65 and overPopulation densityTotal fertility rateTotal populationUrban populationExtreme povertyGini indexGross National Income per capita (2017 PPP$)Human Development Index (HDI)AgricultureCurrent account balanceExportsForeign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP)GDP per capita, current pricesGDP per capita, purchasing power parityGDP, current prices, purchasing power parityGNI per capita (Atlas method)Gross domestic product (GDP), current pricesImportsIndustryInflation rate (consumer prices, annual %)International tourist arrivalsInward FDI positions (stock)Real GDP growth (annual %)Remittances receivedServicesTrade opennessAdult literacy ratePrimary school enrollmentPublic spending on educationSchool enrollment, secondary (% gross)Tertiary education enrollmentAir pollution (PM2.5)CO2 emissionsCO2 emissions per capitaForest areaRenewable energyLand areaHealth expenditureHealth expenditure per personInfant mortality rateLife expectancy at birthMaternal mortality ratioPhysiciansUnder-5 mortality rateAccess to electricityInternet usersMobile phone subscriptionsFemale labour force participationLabour force participationUnemployment rateYouth unemploymentArmed forces personnelMilitary expenditureMilitary expenditure (US$)Women in parliamentGeneral government gross debt (% of GDP)General government net debt (% of GDP)Tax revenueFields Medal laureates (by country of birth)Nobel laureates (by country of birth)Research and development spendingHomicide rateSatellites in orbit (by owner country)Grand Slam singles titles (women)Olympic gold medals, Summer Games (cumulative)Olympic gold medals, Winter Games (cumulative)Olympic medals, Summer Games (cumulative)Olympic medals, Winter Games (cumulative)
Demographics
Birth rate
6.90#185 of 199
2024· World Bank
Death rate
11.2#23 of 199
2024· World Bank
Net migration
-330.8K#194 of 199
2025· World Bank
Population aged 0 to 14
14.5%#174 of 199
2025· World Bank
Population aged 65 and over
20.8%#28 of 199
2025· World Bank
Population density
119 /km²#79 of 197
2024· World Bank
Total fertility rate
1.14#187 of 199
2024· World Bank
Total population
37.56M#39 of 195
2024· IMF
Forecast 2031: 35.84M
Urban population
60.1%#111 of 199
2025· World Bank
Development
Economy
Agriculture
2.5%#122 of 158
2025· World Bank
Current account balance
-1.0%#66 of 166
2025· rank as of 2024· World Bank
Exports
50.0%#47 of 168
2025· rank as of 2024· World Bank
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP)
2.0%#94 of 183
2025· World Bank
GDP per capita, current prices
$25.1K#50 of 195
2024· IMF
Forecast 2031: $40.8K
GDP per capita, purchasing power parity
$52.2K#42 of 195
2024· IMF
Forecast 2031: $74.9K
GDP, current prices, purchasing power parity
$1.91T#20 of 195
2024· IMF
Forecast 2031: $2.68T
GNI per capita (Atlas method)
$25.5K#42 of 182
2025· World Bank
Gross domestic product (GDP), current prices
$917.62B#21 of 195
2024· IMF
Forecast 2031: $1.46T
Imports
47.1%#77 of 168
2025· rank as of 2024· World Bank
Industry
25.8%#64 of 158
2025· World Bank
Inflation rate (consumer prices, annual %)
3.8%#61 of 169
2025· World Bank
International tourist arrivals
88.52M#7 of 167
2019· World Bank
Inward FDI positions (stock)
$341.25B#15 of 37
2024· OECD
Real GDP growth (annual %)
3.7%#86 of 192
2025· IMF
Forecast 2031: 2.5%
Remittances received
0.9%#108 of 160
2025· rank as of 2024· World Bank
Services
59.7%#61 of 158
2025· World Bank
Trade openness
97.0%#58 of 168
2025· rank as of 2024· World Bank
Education
Adult literacy rate
98.7%
1978· World Bank
Primary school enrollment
105.4%#38 of 159
2024· rank as of 2023· World Bank
Public spending on education
4.3%#73 of 158
2022· World Bank
School enrollment, secondary (% gross)
107.9%#23 of 141
2024· rank as of 2023· World Bank
Tertiary education enrollment
80.9%#33 of 124
2024· rank as of 2023· World Bank
Environment
Geography
Health
Health expenditure
8.1%#80 of 192
2024· rank as of 2023· World Bank
Health expenditure per person
$2,014#49 of 191
2024· rank as of 2023· World Bank
Infant mortality rate
3.60#35 of 194
2024· World Bank
Life expectancy at birth
78.4 yrs#51 of 199
2024· World Bank
Maternal mortality ratio
2.00#3 of 194
2023· World Bank
Physicians
4.03#42 of 136
2023· rank as of 2020· World Bank
Under-5 mortality rate
4.20#34 of 194
2024· World Bank
Infrastructure
Labour
Military
Politics
Public finance
Science
Society
Space
Sport
Grand Slam singles titles (women)
6#12 of 29
2026· Official competition results (IOC, FIFA, World Rugby, IHF, FIBA, Grand Slams, FIA, ASO, France Football)
Olympic gold medals, Summer Games (cumulative)
75#18 of 103
2024· Official competition results (IOC, FIFA, World Rugby, IHF, FIBA, Grand Slams, FIA, ASO, France Football)
Olympic gold medals, Winter Games (cumulative)
7#20 of 35
2026· Official competition results (IOC, FIFA, World Rugby, IHF, FIBA, Grand Slams, FIA, ASO, France Football)
Olympic medals, Summer Games (cumulative)
314#16 of 139
2024· Official competition results (IOC, FIFA, World Rugby, IHF, FIBA, Grand Slams, FIA, ASO, France Football)
Olympic medals, Winter Games (cumulative)
27#19 of 41
2026· Official competition results (IOC, FIFA, World Rugby, IHF, FIBA, Grand Slams, FIA, ASO, France Football)
Values show the latest observed year for each indicator. Ranks compare countries on the most recent year with broad coverage. Forecasts are the source's own projections.