Public finance

General government net debt (% of GDP)

General government net debt as a percentage of GDP. Negative values indicate a net creditor position. Source: UNDP Human Development Data Center (based on IMF data); values from 2025 onwards are projections.

Year

Lowest · 2024

Norway

-95.3%

Coverage · 2024

countries

Method

Lower is better

Score: 0 = worst, 100 = best in 2024

Ranking 2024

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#	Country	Value	Score
1	Norway	-95.3%	100.0
2	Luxembourg	-3.7%	65.7
3	Kazakhstan	-0.8%	64.6
4	Saudi Arabia	1.2%	63.9
5	Sweden	6.3%	62.0
6	Denmark	7.0%	61.7
7	Oman	7.3%	61.6
8	Botswana	9.7%	60.7
9	Estonia	10.7%	60.3
10	Trinidad and Tobago	13.1%	59.5
11	Bosnia and Herzegovina	14.2%	59.0
12	Equatorial Guinea	14.3%	59.0
13	Solomon Islands	16.5%	58.2
14	Switzerland	17.0%	58.0
15	Guyana	17.3%	57.9
16	Bulgaria	18.9%	57.3
17	Lesotho	19.2%	57.2
18	Chile	20.1%	56.8
19	Peru	22.0%	56.1
20	New Zealand	23.1%	55.7
21	South Sudan	23.2%	55.7
22	South Korea	24.7%	55.1
23	Iran	26.8%	54.3
24	Czechia	27.3%	54.1
25	Canada	30.2%	53.0
26	Turkey	32.4%	52.2
27	Poland	33.2%	51.9
28	Lithuania	34.3%	51.5
29	Paraguay	35.3%	51.1
30	Latvia	35.4%	51.1
31	Ireland	35.6%	51.0
32	Eswatini	35.6%	51.0
33	Finland	35.9%	50.9
34	Ethiopia	36.1%	50.9
35	Netherlands	37.3%	50.4
36	Australia	37.4%	50.4
37	Indonesia	38.0%	50.1
38	Nigeria	39.6%	49.5
39	Cameroon	39.7%	49.5
40	Panama	40.1%	49.4
41	Slovenia	41.4%	48.9
42	Mali	41.8%	48.7
43	Serbia	43.8%	48.0
44	Dominican Republic	43.9%	47.9
45	Romania	44.5%	47.7
46	Yemen	45.0%	47.5
47	Mauritania	46.2%	47.1
48	Germany	47.0%	46.8
49	Niger	47.7%	46.5
50	Iceland	48.7%	46.1
51	Slovakia	49.0%	46.0
52	North Macedonia	51.1%	45.2
53	Mexico	51.3%	45.2
54	Seychelles	51.4%	45.1
55	Malta	52.2%	44.8
56	Colombia	52.2%	44.8
57	Israel	53.4%	44.4
58	Uruguay	53.9%	44.2
59	Djibouti	54.3%	44.0
60	Liberia	54.7%	43.9
61	Austria	56.9%	43.1
62	Kenya	58.0%	42.7
63	Pakistan	61.6%	41.3
64	Albania	61.9%	41.2
65	Brazil	64.0%	40.4
66	Hungary	65.0%	40.0
67	United Kingdom	65.1%	40.0
68	Morocco	70.1%	38.1
69	Algeria	70.4%	38.0
70	Namibia	70.6%	37.9
71	South Africa	71.5%	37.6
72	Egypt	80.0%	34.4
73	Bolivia	81.0%	34.0
74	Ghana	84.4%	32.8
75	Jordan	87.3%	31.7
76	Fiji	90.6%	30.5
77	Belgium	94.9%	28.8
78	Spain	97.1%	28.0
79	Portugal	100.9%	26.6
80	United States	101.6%	26.3
81	France	102.0%	26.2
82	Barbados	102.1%	26.1
83	Cabo Verde	133.2%	14.5
84	Italy	135.0%	13.9
85	Japan	172.0%	0.0

Source: United Nations Development Programme — Net Debt as Percent of GDP · Unit: % of GDP · Year: 2024 · 85 entries