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Romania
Romania
Key facts
- Capital
- Bucharest
- Region
- Europe · Southeast Europe
- Languages
- Romanian
- Currency
- Romanian Leu (RON)
- Area
- 238,391 km²
- Land borders
- 5 countries
- Landlocked
- No
- UN member
- Yes
European Union
Death rate
World Bank · dashed line = projection
Birth rateDeath rateNet migrationPopulation aged 0 to 14Population aged 65 and overPopulation densityTotal fertility rateTotal populationUrban populationExtreme povertyGini indexGross National Income per capita (2017 PPP$)Human Development Index (HDI)AgricultureCurrent account balanceExportsForeign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP)GDP per capita, current pricesGDP per capita, purchasing power parityGDP, current prices, purchasing power parityGNI per capita (Atlas method)Gross domestic product (GDP), current pricesImportsIndustryInflation rate (consumer prices, annual %)International tourist arrivalsReal GDP growth (annual %)Remittances receivedServicesTrade opennessAdult literacy ratePrimary school enrollmentPublic spending on educationSchool enrollment, secondary (% gross)Tertiary education enrollmentAir pollution (PM2.5)CO2 emissionsCO2 emissions per capitaForest areaRenewable energyLand areaHealth expenditureHealth expenditure per personInfant mortality rateLife expectancy at birthMaternal mortality ratioPhysiciansUnder-5 mortality rateAccess to electricityInternet usersMobile phone subscriptionsFemale labour force participationLabour force participationUnemployment rateYouth unemploymentArmed forces personnelMilitary expenditureMilitary expenditure (US$)Women in parliamentGeneral government gross debt (% of GDP)General government net debt (% of GDP)Tax revenueNobel laureates (by country of birth)Research and development spendingHomicide rateSatellites in orbit (by owner country)Champions League titles (by club country)Grand Slam singles titles (men)Grand Slam singles titles (women)Handball world titles (men)Handball world titles (women)Olympic gold medals, Summer Games (cumulative)Olympic medals, Summer Games (cumulative)Olympic medals, Winter Games (cumulative)
Demographics
Birth rate
7.50#181 of 199
2024· World Bank
Death rate
12.8#13 of 199
2024· World Bank
Net migration
-29.0K#166 of 199
2025· World Bank
Population aged 0 to 14
15.6%#161 of 199
2025· World Bank
Population aged 65 and over
20.1%#34 of 199
2025· World Bank
Population density
83 /km²#108 of 197
2024· World Bank
Total fertility rate
1.39#163 of 199
2024· World Bank
Total population
19.06M#63 of 195
2024· IMF
Forecast 2031: 18.10M
Urban population
52.2%#135 of 199
2025· World Bank
Development
Economy
Agriculture
3.0%#110 of 158
2025· World Bank
Current account balance
-7.9%#142 of 166
2025· rank as of 2024· World Bank
Exports
35.5%#85 of 168
2025· rank as of 2024· World Bank
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP)
2.2%#89 of 183
2025· World Bank
GDP per capita, current prices
$20.2K#59 of 195
2024· IMF
Forecast 2031: $35.8K
GDP per capita, purchasing power parity
$46.8K#50 of 195
2024· IMF
Forecast 2031: $66.2K
GDP, current prices, purchasing power parity
$886.35B#35 of 195
2024· IMF
Forecast 2031: $1.20T
GNI per capita (Atlas method)
$20.2K#51 of 182
2025· World Bank
Gross domestic product (GDP), current prices
$382.65B#43 of 195
2024· IMF
Forecast 2031: $648.39B
Imports
40.7%#89 of 168
2025· rank as of 2024· World Bank
Industry
25.3%#70 of 158
2025· World Bank
Inflation rate (consumer prices, annual %)
7.2%#29 of 169
2025· World Bank
International tourist arrivals
5.02M#37 of 167
2020· rank as of 2019· World Bank
Real GDP growth (annual %)
0.7%#171 of 192
2025· IMF
Forecast 2031: 3.0%
Remittances received
2.5%#74 of 160
2025· rank as of 2024· World Bank
Services
61.7%#49 of 158
2025· World Bank
Trade openness
76.2%#93 of 168
2025· rank as of 2024· World Bank
Education
Environment
Geography
Health
Health expenditure
5.7%#111 of 192
2023· World Bank
Health expenditure per person
$1,051#62 of 191
2023· World Bank
Infant mortality rate
6.00#55 of 194
2024· World Bank
Life expectancy at birth
76.5 yrs#78 of 199
2024· World Bank
Maternal mortality ratio
12.0#51 of 194
2023· World Bank
Physicians
3.63#41 of 136
2022· rank as of 2020· World Bank
Under-5 mortality rate
7.30#55 of 194
2024· World Bank
Infrastructure
Labour
Military
Politics
Public finance
Science
Society
Space
Sport
Champions League titles (by club country)
1#8 of 9
2026· Official competition results (IOC, FIFA, World Rugby, IHF, FIBA, Grand Slams, FIA, ASO, France Football)
Grand Slam singles titles (men)
2#17 of 24
2026· Official competition results (IOC, FIFA, World Rugby, IHF, FIBA, Grand Slams, FIA, ASO, France Football)
Grand Slam singles titles (women)
3#17 of 29
2026· Official competition results (IOC, FIFA, World Rugby, IHF, FIBA, Grand Slams, FIA, ASO, France Football)
Handball world titles (men)
4#2 of 10
2025· Official competition results (IOC, FIFA, World Rugby, IHF, FIBA, Grand Slams, FIA, ASO, France Football)
Handball world titles (women)
1#5 of 12
2025· Official competition results (IOC, FIFA, World Rugby, IHF, FIBA, Grand Slams, FIA, ASO, France Football)
Olympic gold medals, Summer Games (cumulative)
93#15 of 103
2024· Official competition results (IOC, FIFA, World Rugby, IHF, FIBA, Grand Slams, FIA, ASO, France Football)
Olympic medals, Summer Games (cumulative)
317#15 of 139
2024· Official competition results (IOC, FIFA, World Rugby, IHF, FIBA, Grand Slams, FIA, ASO, France Football)
Olympic medals, Winter Games (cumulative)
1#38 of 41
2026· Official competition results (IOC, FIFA, World Rugby, IHF, FIBA, Grand Slams, FIA, ASO, France Football)
Values show the latest observed year for each indicator. Ranks compare countries on the most recent year with broad coverage. Forecasts are the source's own projections.