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Vietnam
Socialist Republic of Vietnam
Key facts
- Capital
- Hanoi
- Region
- Asia · South-Eastern Asia
- Languages
- Vietnamese
- Currency
- Vietnamese đồng (VND)
- Area
- 331,212 km²
- Land borders
- 3 countries
- Landlocked
- No
- UN member
- Yes
ASEAN
Forest area
World Bank · dashed line = projection
Birth rateDeath rateNet migrationPopulation aged 0 to 14Population aged 65 and overPopulation densityTotal fertility rateTotal populationUrban populationExtreme povertyGini indexGross National Income per capita (2017 PPP$)Human Development Index (HDI)AgricultureCurrent account balanceExportsForeign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP)GDP per capita, current pricesGDP per capita, purchasing power parityGDP, current prices, purchasing power parityGNI per capita (Atlas method)Gross domestic product (GDP), current pricesImportsIndustryInflation rate (consumer prices, annual %)International tourist arrivalsReal GDP growth (annual %)Remittances receivedServicesTrade opennessAdult literacy ratePrimary school enrollmentPublic spending on educationSchool enrollment, secondary (% gross)Tertiary education enrollmentAir pollution (PM2.5)CO2 emissionsCO2 emissions per capitaForest areaRenewable energyLand areaHealth expenditureHealth expenditure per personInfant mortality rateLife expectancy at birthMaternal mortality ratioPhysiciansUnder-5 mortality rateAccess to electricityInternet usersMobile phone subscriptionsFemale labour force participationLabour force participationUnemployment rateYouth unemploymentArmed forces personnelMilitary expenditureMilitary expenditure (US$)Women in parliamentGeneral government gross debt (% of GDP)Fields Medal laureates (by country of birth)Nobel laureates (by country of birth)Research and development spendingHomicide rateSatellites in orbit (by owner country)Olympic gold medals, Summer Games (cumulative)Olympic medals, Summer Games (cumulative)
Demographics
Birth rate
13.4#104 of 199
2024· World Bank
Death rate
6.65#121 of 199
2024· World Bank
Net migration
-48.2K#177 of 199
2025· World Bank
Population aged 0 to 14
22.9%#106 of 199
2025· World Bank
Population aged 65 and over
9.5%#87 of 199
2025· World Bank
Population density
322 /km²#32 of 197
2024· World Bank
Total fertility rate
1.90#102 of 199
2024· World Bank
Total population
101.30M#16 of 195
2024· IMF
Forecast 2031: 106.05M
Urban population
38.8%#159 of 199
2025· World Bank
Development
Economy
Agriculture
11.6%#51 of 158
2025· World Bank
Current account balance
6.4%#21 of 166
2025· rank as of 2024· World Bank
Exports
98.2%#9 of 168
2025· rank as of 2024· World Bank
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP)
4.3%#45 of 183
2025· World Bank
GDP per capita, current prices
$4,536#126 of 195
2024· IMF
Forecast 2031: $6,652
GDP per capita, purchasing power parity
$16.3K#109 of 195
2024· IMF
Forecast 2031: $27.8K
GDP, current prices, purchasing power parity
$1.65T#26 of 195
2024· IMF
Forecast 2031: $2.95T
GNI per capita (Atlas method)
$4,970#113 of 182
2025· World Bank
Gross domestic product (GDP), current prices
$459.45B#34 of 195
2024· IMF
Forecast 2031: $705.44B
Imports
92.1%#15 of 168
2025· rank as of 2024· World Bank
Industry
37.6%#19 of 158
2025· World Bank
Inflation rate (consumer prices, annual %)
3.3%#78 of 169
2025· World Bank
International tourist arrivals
3.84M#28 of 167
2020· rank as of 2019· World Bank
Real GDP growth (annual %)
8.0%#12 of 192
2025· IMF
Forecast 2031: 5.7%
Remittances received
5.1%
2004· World Bank
Services
42.7%#136 of 158
2025· World Bank
Trade openness
190.3%#9 of 168
2025· rank as of 2024· World Bank
Education
Adult literacy rate
96.1%#15 of 45
2022· World Bank
Primary school enrollment
106.3%#39 of 159
2024· rank as of 2023· World Bank
Public spending on education
2.9%#123 of 158
2022· World Bank
School enrollment, secondary (% gross)
93.4%
2022· World Bank
Tertiary education enrollment
37.6%#90 of 124
2024· rank as of 2023· World Bank
Environment
Geography
Health
Health expenditure
4.6%#134 of 192
2023· World Bank
Health expenditure per person
$197#127 of 191
2023· World Bank
Infant mortality rate
12.0#91 of 194
2024· World Bank
Life expectancy at birth
74.7 yrs#92 of 199
2024· World Bank
Maternal mortality ratio
48.0#99 of 194
2023· World Bank
Physicians
1.11#92 of 136
2021· rank as of 2020· World Bank
Under-5 mortality rate
17.3#111 of 194
2024· World Bank
Infrastructure
Labour
Military
Politics
Public finance
Science
Society
Space
Sport
Olympic gold medals, Summer Games (cumulative)
1#85 of 103
2024· Official competition results (IOC, FIFA, World Rugby, IHF, FIBA, Grand Slams, FIA, ASO, France Football)
Olympic medals, Summer Games (cumulative)
5#88 of 139
2024· Official competition results (IOC, FIFA, World Rugby, IHF, FIBA, Grand Slams, FIA, ASO, France Football)
Values show the latest observed year for each indicator. Ranks compare countries on the most recent year with broad coverage. Forecasts are the source's own projections.