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Syria
Syrian Arab Republic
Key facts
- Capital
- Damascus
- Region
- Asia · Western Asia
- Languages
- Arabic
- Currency
- Syrian pound (SYP)
- Area
- 185,180 km²
- Land borders
- 5 countries
- Landlocked
- No
- UN member
- Yes
Human Development Index (HDI)
United Nations Development Programme · dashed line = projection
Birth rateDeath rateNet migrationPopulation aged 0 to 14Population aged 65 and overPopulation densityTotal fertility rateTotal populationUrban populationExtreme povertyGini indexGross National Income per capita (2017 PPP$)Human Development Index (HDI)AgricultureCurrent account balanceExportsForeign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP)GDP per capita, current pricesGDP per capita, purchasing power parityGDP, current prices, purchasing power parityGNI per capita (Atlas method)Gross domestic product (GDP), current pricesImportsIndustryInflation rate (consumer prices, annual %)International tourist arrivalsReal GDP growth (annual %)Remittances receivedServicesTrade opennessAdult literacy ratePrimary school enrollmentPublic spending on educationSchool enrollment, secondary (% gross)Tertiary education enrollmentAir pollution (PM2.5)CO2 emissionsCO2 emissions per capitaForest areaRenewable energyLand areaHealth expenditureHealth expenditure per personInfant mortality rateLife expectancy at birthMaternal mortality ratioPhysiciansUnder-5 mortality rateAccess to electricityInternet usersMobile phone subscriptionsFemale labour force participationLabour force participationUnemployment rateYouth unemploymentArmed forces personnelMilitary expenditureMilitary expenditure (US$)Women in parliamentGeneral government gross debt (% of GDP)General government net debt (% of GDP)Research and development spendingHomicide rateOlympic gold medals, Summer Games (cumulative)Olympic medals, Summer Games (cumulative)
Demographics
Birth rate
23.2#58 of 199
2024· World Bank
Death rate
4.93#179 of 199
2024· World Bank
Net migration
421.7K#3 of 199
2025· World Bank
Population aged 0 to 14
28.4%#78 of 199
2025· World Bank
Population aged 65 and over
4.8%#133 of 199
2025· World Bank
Population density
134 /km²#72 of 197
2024· World Bank
Total fertility rate
2.70#65 of 199
2024· World Bank
Total population
21.39M
2010· IMF
Urban population
72.1%#69 of 199
2025· World Bank
Development
Economy
Agriculture
42.9%
2022· World Bank
Current account balance
-0.6%
2010· World Bank
Exports
6.8%
2022· World Bank
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP)
1.2%
2011· World Bank
GDP per capita, current prices
$2,807
2010· IMF
GDP per capita, purchasing power parity
$6,375
2010· IMF
GDP, current prices, purchasing power parity
$136.38B
2010· IMF
GNI per capita (Atlas method)
$720
2022· World Bank
Gross domestic product (GDP), current prices
$60.04B
2010· IMF
Imports
28.7%
2022· World Bank
Industry
11.9%
2022· World Bank
Inflation rate (consumer prices, annual %)
13.4%
2019· World Bank
International tourist arrivals
2.42M#90 of 167
2019· World Bank
Real GDP growth (annual %)
3.4%
2010· IMF
Remittances received
2.6%
2010· World Bank
Services
44.7%
2022· World Bank
Trade openness
35.4%
2022· World Bank
Education
Environment
Geography
Health
Health expenditure
2.7%#183 of 192
2023· World Bank
Health expenditure per person
$33#181 of 191
2023· World Bank
Infant mortality rate
17.7#123 of 194
2024· World Bank
Life expectancy at birth
72.6 yrs#113 of 199
2024· World Bank
Maternal mortality ratio
20.0#73 of 194
2023· World Bank
Physicians
1.52#79 of 136
2021· rank as of 2020· World Bank
Under-5 mortality rate
18.4#117 of 194
2024· World Bank
Infrastructure
Labour
Military
Politics
Public finance
Science
Society
Sport
Olympic gold medals, Summer Games (cumulative)
1#85 of 103
2024· Official competition results (IOC, FIFA, World Rugby, IHF, FIBA, Grand Slams, FIA, ASO, France Football)
Olympic medals, Summer Games (cumulative)
4#95 of 139
2024· Official competition results (IOC, FIFA, World Rugby, IHF, FIBA, Grand Slams, FIA, ASO, France Football)
Values show the latest observed year for each indicator. Ranks compare countries on the most recent year with broad coverage. Forecasts are the source's own projections.