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Ethiopia
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
Key facts
- Capital
- Addis Ababa
- Region
- Africa · Eastern Africa
- Languages
- Amharic
- Currency
- Ethiopian birr (ETB)
- Area
- 1,104,300 km²
- Land borders
- 6 countries
- Landlocked
- Yes
- UN member
- Yes
Net migration
World Bank · dashed line = projection
Birth rateDeath rateNet migrationPopulation aged 0 to 14Population aged 65 and overPopulation densityTotal fertility rateTotal populationUrban populationExtreme povertyGini indexGross National Income per capita (2017 PPP$)Human Development Index (HDI)AgricultureCurrent account balanceExportsForeign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP)GDP per capita, current pricesGDP per capita, purchasing power parityGDP, current prices, purchasing power parityGNI per capita (Atlas method)Gross domestic product (GDP), current pricesImportsIndustryInflation rate (consumer prices, annual %)International tourist arrivalsReal GDP growth (annual %)Remittances receivedServicesTrade opennessAdult literacy ratePrimary school enrollmentPublic spending on educationSchool enrollment, secondary (% gross)Tertiary education enrollmentAir pollution (PM2.5)CO2 emissionsCO2 emissions per capitaForest areaRenewable energyLand areaHealth expenditureHealth expenditure per personInfant mortality rateLife expectancy at birthMaternal mortality ratioPhysiciansUnder-5 mortality rateAccess to electricityInternet usersMobile phone subscriptionsFemale labour force participationLabour force participationUnemployment rateYouth unemploymentArmed forces personnelMilitary expenditureMilitary expenditure (US$)Women in parliamentGeneral government gross debt (% of GDP)General government net debt (% of GDP)Tax revenueNobel laureates (by country of birth)Research and development spendingHomicide rateOlympic gold medals, Summer Games (cumulative)Olympic medals, Summer Games (cumulative)
Demographics
Birth rate
31.5#24 of 199
2024· World Bank
Death rate
5.88#150 of 199
2024· World Bank
Net migration
24.1K#30 of 199
2025· World Bank
Population aged 0 to 14
38.8%#30 of 199
2025· World Bank
Population aged 65 and over
3.3%#166 of 199
2025· World Bank
Population density
118 /km²#80 of 197
2024· World Bank
Total fertility rate
3.91#27 of 199
2024· World Bank
Total population
108.40M#13 of 195
2024· IMF
Forecast 2031: 121.65M
Urban population
24.1%#189 of 199
2025· World Bank
Development
Economy
Agriculture
32.8%#7 of 158
2025· World Bank
Current account balance
-2.5%#99 of 166
2024· World Bank
Exports
13.3%#165 of 168
2025· rank as of 2024· World Bank
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP)
3.0%#67 of 183
2025· World Bank
GDP per capita, current prices
$1,311#169 of 195
2024· IMF
Forecast 2031: $1,994
GDP per capita, purchasing power parity
$4,089#166 of 195
2024· IMF
Forecast 2031: $7,418
GDP, current prices, purchasing power parity
$443.25B#57 of 195
2024· IMF
Forecast 2031: $902.43B
GNI per capita (Atlas method)
$1,110#167 of 182
2025· World Bank
Gross domestic product (GDP), current prices
$142.07B#61 of 195
2024· IMF
Forecast 2031: $242.55B
Imports
20.2%#165 of 168
2025· rank as of 2024· World Bank
Industry
27.8%#56 of 158
2025· World Bank
Inflation rate (consumer prices, annual %)
13.2%#13 of 169
2025· World Bank
International tourist arrivals
518.0K#129 of 167
2020· rank as of 2019· World Bank
Real GDP growth (annual %)
9.2%#6 of 192
2025· IMF
Forecast 2031: 7.7%
Remittances received
4.8%#48 of 160
2024· World Bank
Services
36.6%#150 of 158
2025· World Bank
Trade openness
33.5%#167 of 168
2025· rank as of 2024· World Bank
Education
Adult literacy rate
60.5%#41 of 45
2022· World Bank
Primary school enrollment
84.4%#146 of 159
2024· rank as of 2023· World Bank
Public spending on education
2.3%#92 of 158
2024· rank as of 2022· World Bank
School enrollment, secondary (% gross)
33.9%
2015· World Bank
Tertiary education enrollment
5.9%
2014· World Bank
Environment
Geography
Health
Health expenditure
2.8%#182 of 192
2023· World Bank
Health expenditure per person
$35#179 of 191
2023· World Bank
Infant mortality rate
34.5#159 of 194
2024· World Bank
Life expectancy at birth
67.6 yrs#152 of 199
2024· World Bank
Maternal mortality ratio
195.0#158 of 194
2023· World Bank
Physicians
0.14#122 of 136
2023· rank as of 2020· World Bank
Under-5 mortality rate
44.5#159 of 194
2024· World Bank
Infrastructure
Labour
Military
Politics
Public finance
Science
Society
Sport
Olympic gold medals, Summer Games (cumulative)
24#36 of 103
2024· Official competition results (IOC, FIFA, World Rugby, IHF, FIBA, Grand Slams, FIA, ASO, France Football)
Olympic medals, Summer Games (cumulative)
62#41 of 139
2024· Official competition results (IOC, FIFA, World Rugby, IHF, FIBA, Grand Slams, FIA, ASO, France Football)
Values show the latest observed year for each indicator. Ranks compare countries on the most recent year with broad coverage. Forecasts are the source's own projections.