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Nepal
Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal
Key facts
- Capital
- Kathmandu
- Region
- Asia · Southern Asia
- Languages
- Nepali
- Currency
- Nepalese rupee (NPR)
- Area
- 147,181 km²
- Land borders
- 2 countries
- Landlocked
- Yes
- UN member
- Yes
Human Development Index (HDI)
United Nations Development Programme · dashed line = projection
Birth rateDeath rateNet migrationPopulation aged 0 to 14Population aged 65 and overPopulation densityTotal fertility rateTotal populationUrban populationExtreme povertyGini indexGross National Income per capita (2017 PPP$)Human Development Index (HDI)AgricultureCurrent account balanceExportsForeign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP)GDP per capita, current pricesGDP per capita, purchasing power parityGDP, current prices, purchasing power parityGNI per capita (Atlas method)Gross domestic product (GDP), current pricesImportsIndustryInflation rate (consumer prices, annual %)International tourist arrivalsReal GDP growth (annual %)Remittances receivedServicesTrade opennessAdult literacy ratePrimary school enrollmentPublic spending on educationSchool enrollment, secondary (% gross)Tertiary education enrollmentAir pollution (PM2.5)CO2 emissionsCO2 emissions per capitaForest areaRenewable energyLand areaHealth expenditureHealth expenditure per personInfant mortality rateLife expectancy at birthMaternal mortality ratioPhysiciansUnder-5 mortality rateAccess to electricityInternet usersMobile phone subscriptionsFemale labour force participationLabour force participationUnemployment rateYouth unemploymentArmed forces personnelMilitary expenditureMilitary expenditure (US$)Women in parliamentGeneral government gross debt (% of GDP)Tax revenueResearch and development spendingHomicide rate
Demographics
Birth rate
19.0#80 of 199
2024· World Bank
Death rate
6.97#113 of 199
2024· World Bank
Net migration
-364.7K#196 of 199
2025· World Bank
Population aged 0 to 14
28.1%#81 of 199
2025· World Bank
Population aged 65 and over
6.6%#115 of 199
2025· World Bank
Population density
207 /km²#55 of 197
2024· World Bank
Total fertility rate
1.96#100 of 199
2024· World Bank
Total population
29.65M#50 of 195
2024· IMF
Forecast 2031: 29.53M
Urban population
67.0%#86 of 199
2025· World Bank
Development
Economy
Agriculture
21.6%#26 of 158
2025· World Bank
Current account balance
10.7%#35 of 166
2025· rank as of 2024· World Bank
Exports
8.8%#164 of 168
2025· rank as of 2024· World Bank
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP)
0.1%#162 of 183
2025· World Bank
GDP per capita, current prices
$1,447#165 of 195
2024· IMF
Forecast 2031: $2,384
GDP per capita, purchasing power parity
$5,745#154 of 195
2024· IMF
Forecast 2031: $9,202
GDP, current prices, purchasing power parity
$170.34B#85 of 195
2024· IMF
Forecast 2031: $271.75B
GNI per capita (Atlas method)
$1,570#155 of 182
2025· World Bank
Gross domestic product (GDP), current prices
$42.91B#103 of 195
2024· IMF
Forecast 2031: $70.40B
Imports
33.7%#110 of 168
2025· rank as of 2024· World Bank
Industry
12.1%#147 of 158
2025· World Bank
Inflation rate (consumer prices, annual %)
2.7%#91 of 169
2025· World Bank
International tourist arrivals
230.0K#119 of 167
2020· rank as of 2019· World Bank
Real GDP growth (annual %)
4.4%#66 of 192
2025· IMF
Forecast 2031: 5.0%
Remittances received
32.3%#4 of 160
2025· rank as of 2024· World Bank
Services
54.4%#93 of 158
2025· World Bank
Trade openness
42.6%#150 of 168
2025· rank as of 2024· World Bank
Education
Adult literacy rate
68.7%
2019· World Bank
Primary school enrollment
128.6%#5 of 159
2025· rank as of 2023· World Bank
Public spending on education
3.7%#77 of 158
2024· rank as of 2022· World Bank
School enrollment, secondary (% gross)
90.4%#87 of 141
2024· rank as of 2023· World Bank
Tertiary education enrollment
21.3%#104 of 124
2024· rank as of 2023· World Bank
Environment
Geography
Health
Health expenditure
6.2%#99 of 192
2023· World Bank
Health expenditure per person
$84#150 of 191
2023· World Bank
Infant mortality rate
22.2#131 of 194
2024· World Bank
Life expectancy at birth
70.6 yrs#133 of 199
2024· World Bank
Maternal mortality ratio
142.0#143 of 194
2023· World Bank
Physicians
1.01#91 of 136
2023· rank as of 2020· World Bank
Under-5 mortality rate
25.1#129 of 194
2024· World Bank
Infrastructure
Labour
Military
Politics
Public finance
Science
Society
Values show the latest observed year for each indicator. Ranks compare countries on the most recent year with broad coverage. Forecasts are the source's own projections.