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Mongolia
Mongolia
Key facts
- Capital
- Ulan Bator
- Region
- Asia · Eastern Asia
- Languages
- Mongolian
- Currency
- Mongolian tögrög (MNT)
- Area
- 1,564,110 km²
- Land borders
- 2 countries
- Landlocked
- Yes
- UN member
- Yes
Trade openness
World Bank · dashed line = projection
Birth rateDeath rateNet migrationPopulation aged 0 to 14Population aged 65 and overPopulation densityTotal fertility rateTotal populationUrban populationExtreme povertyGini indexGross National Income per capita (2017 PPP$)Human Development Index (HDI)AgricultureCurrent account balanceExportsForeign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP)GDP per capita, current pricesGDP per capita, purchasing power parityGDP, current prices, purchasing power parityGNI per capita (Atlas method)Gross domestic product (GDP), current pricesImportsIndustryInflation rate (consumer prices, annual %)International tourist arrivalsReal GDP growth (annual %)Remittances receivedServicesTrade opennessAdult literacy ratePrimary school enrollmentPublic spending on educationSchool enrollment, secondary (% gross)Tertiary education enrollmentAir pollution (PM2.5)CO2 emissionsCO2 emissions per capitaForest areaRenewable energyLand areaHealth expenditureHealth expenditure per personInfant mortality rateLife expectancy at birthMaternal mortality ratioPhysiciansUnder-5 mortality rateAccess to electricityInternet usersMobile phone subscriptionsFemale labour force participationLabour force participationUnemployment rateYouth unemploymentArmed forces personnelMilitary expenditureMilitary expenditure (US$)Women in parliamentGeneral government gross debt (% of GDP)Tax revenueResearch and development spendingHomicide rateOlympic gold medals, Summer Games (cumulative)Olympic medals, Summer Games (cumulative)
Demographics
Birth rate
16.9#88 of 199
2024· World Bank
Death rate
5.50#165 of 199
2024· World Bank
Net migration
79#74 of 199
2025· World Bank
Population aged 0 to 14
31.6%#62 of 199
2025· World Bank
Population aged 65 and over
5.4%#124 of 199
2025· World Bank
Population density
2.3 /km²#197 of 197
2024· World Bank
Total fertility rate
2.50#76 of 199
2024· World Bank
Total population
3.55M#129 of 195
2024· IMF
Forecast 2031: 3.83M
Urban population
71.1%#73 of 199
2025· World Bank
Development
Economy
Agriculture
8.9%#63 of 158
2025· World Bank
Current account balance
-8.4%#147 of 166
2025· rank as of 2024· World Bank
Exports
68.1%#30 of 168
2025· rank as of 2024· World Bank
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP)
10.8%#14 of 183
2025· World Bank
GDP per capita, current prices
$6,712#107 of 195
2024· IMF
Forecast 2031: $10.6K
GDP per capita, purchasing power parity
$19.1K#100 of 195
2024· IMF
Forecast 2031: $29.5K
GDP, current prices, purchasing power parity
$67.58B#116 of 195
2024· IMF
Forecast 2031: $113.01B
GNI per capita (Atlas method)
$6,210#102 of 182
2025· World Bank
Gross domestic product (GDP), current prices
$23.80B#123 of 195
2024· IMF
Forecast 2031: $40.47B
Imports
62.6%#35 of 168
2025· rank as of 2024· World Bank
Industry
37.2%#20 of 158
2025· World Bank
Inflation rate (consumer prices, annual %)
8.6%#22 of 169
2025· World Bank
International tourist arrivals
66.9K#133 of 167
2020· rank as of 2019· World Bank
Real GDP growth (annual %)
6.8%#20 of 192
2025· IMF
Forecast 2031: 5.0%
Remittances received
2.2%#83 of 160
2025· rank as of 2024· World Bank
Services
44.3%#132 of 158
2025· World Bank
Trade openness
130.7%#26 of 168
2025· rank as of 2024· World Bank
Education
Adult literacy rate
98.6%#9 of 45
2024· rank as of 2022· World Bank
Primary school enrollment
92.3%#128 of 159
2024· rank as of 2023· World Bank
Public spending on education
5.2%
2024· World Bank
School enrollment, secondary (% gross)
96.8%#62 of 141
2023· World Bank
Tertiary education enrollment
69.0%#44 of 124
2024· rank as of 2023· World Bank
Environment
Geography
Health
Health expenditure
6.1%#101 of 192
2023· World Bank
Health expenditure per person
$360#103 of 191
2023· World Bank
Infant mortality rate
11.2#90 of 194
2024· World Bank
Life expectancy at birth
72.4 yrs#117 of 199
2024· World Bank
Maternal mortality ratio
41.0#92 of 194
2023· World Bank
Physicians
4.13#28 of 136
2022· rank as of 2020· World Bank
Under-5 mortality rate
13.4#91 of 194
2024· World Bank
Infrastructure
Labour
Military
Politics
Public finance
Science
Society
Sport
Olympic gold medals, Summer Games (cumulative)
2#79 of 103
2024· Official competition results (IOC, FIFA, World Rugby, IHF, FIBA, Grand Slams, FIA, ASO, France Football)
Olympic medals, Summer Games (cumulative)
31#57 of 139
2024· Official competition results (IOC, FIFA, World Rugby, IHF, FIBA, Grand Slams, FIA, ASO, France Football)
Values show the latest observed year for each indicator. Ranks compare countries on the most recent year with broad coverage. Forecasts are the source's own projections.