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Eritrea
State of Eritrea
Key facts
- Capital
- Asmara
- Region
- Africa · Eastern Africa
- Languages
- Arabic, English, Tigrinya
- Currency
- Eritrean nakfa (ERN)
- Area
- 117,600 km²
- Land borders
- 3 countries
- Landlocked
- No
- UN member
- Yes
Primary school enrollment
World Bank · dashed line = projection
Birth rateDeath rateNet migrationPopulation aged 0 to 14Population aged 65 and overPopulation densityTotal fertility rateTotal populationUrban populationGross National Income per capita (2017 PPP$)Human Development Index (HDI)AgricultureCurrent account balanceExportsForeign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP)GDP per capita, current pricesGDP per capita, purchasing power parityGDP, current prices, purchasing power parityGNI per capita (Atlas method)Gross domestic product (GDP), current pricesImportsIndustryInternational tourist arrivalsReal GDP growth (annual %)Remittances receivedTrade opennessAdult literacy ratePrimary school enrollmentPublic spending on educationSchool enrollment, secondary (% gross)Tertiary education enrollmentAir pollution (PM2.5)CO2 emissionsCO2 emissions per capitaForest areaRenewable energyLand areaHealth expenditureHealth expenditure per personInfant mortality rateLife expectancy at birthMaternal mortality ratioPhysiciansUnder-5 mortality rateAccess to electricityInternet usersMobile phone subscriptionsFemale labour force participationLabour force participationUnemployment rateYouth unemploymentArmed forces personnelMilitary expenditureMilitary expenditure (US$)Women in parliamentGeneral government gross debt (% of GDP)Homicide rateOlympic medals, Summer Games (cumulative)
Demographics
Birth rate
28.7#36 of 199
2024· World Bank
Death rate
6.00#147 of 199
2024· World Bank
Net migration
-6,698#124 of 199
2025· World Bank
Population aged 0 to 14
37.6%#38 of 199
2025· World Bank
Population aged 65 and over
4.3%#144 of 199
2025· World Bank
Population density
29 /km²#156 of 197
2024· World Bank
Total fertility rate
3.68#36 of 199
2024· World Bank
Total population
3.50M
2019· IMF
Urban population
34.5%#168 of 199
2025· World Bank
Development
Economy
Agriculture
14.1%
2009· World Bank
Current account balance
-14.8%
2000· World Bank
Exports
18.2%
2011· World Bank
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP)
0.3%
2011· World Bank
GDP per capita, current prices
$567
2019· IMF
GDP per capita, purchasing power parity
$1,821
2019· IMF
GDP, current prices, purchasing power parity
$6.37B
2019· IMF
GNI per capita (Atlas method)
$650
2011· World Bank
Gross domestic product (GDP), current prices
$1.98B
2019· IMF
Imports
29.2%
2011· World Bank
Industry
21.8%
2009· World Bank
International tourist arrivals
142.0K
2016· World Bank
Real GDP growth (annual %)
3.8%
2019· IMF
Remittances received
0.5%
2000· World Bank
Trade openness
47.4%
2011· World Bank
Education
Environment
Geography
Health
Health expenditure
3.7%#163 of 192
2023· World Bank
Health expenditure per person
$28#183 of 191
2023· World Bank
Infant mortality rate
24.7#139 of 194
2024· World Bank
Life expectancy at birth
68.9 yrs#144 of 199
2024· World Bank
Maternal mortality ratio
291.0#171 of 194
2023· World Bank
Physicians
0.09#125 of 136
2022· rank as of 2020· World Bank
Under-5 mortality rate
34.3#141 of 194
2024· World Bank
Infrastructure
Labour
Military
Politics
Public finance
Society
Sport
Values show the latest observed year for each indicator. Ranks compare countries on the most recent year with broad coverage. Forecasts are the source's own projections.