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Tonga
Kingdom of Tonga
Key facts
- Capital
- Nuku'alofa
- Region
- Oceania · Polynesia
- Languages
- English, Tongan
- Currency
- Tongan paʻanga (TOP)
- Area
- 747 km²
- Land borders
- None
- Landlocked
- No
- UN member
- Yes
Remittances received
World Bank · dashed line = projection
Birth rateDeath rateNet migrationPopulation aged 0 to 14Population aged 65 and overPopulation densityTotal fertility rateTotal populationUrban populationExtreme povertyGini indexGross National Income per capita (2017 PPP$)Human Development Index (HDI)AgricultureCurrent account balanceExportsForeign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP)GDP per capita, current pricesGDP per capita, purchasing power parityGDP, current prices, purchasing power parityGNI per capita (Atlas method)Gross domestic product (GDP), current pricesImportsIndustryInflation rate (consumer prices, annual %)International tourist arrivalsReal GDP growth (annual %)Remittances receivedServicesTrade opennessAdult literacy ratePrimary school enrollmentPublic spending on educationSchool enrollment, secondary (% gross)Tertiary education enrollmentAir pollution (PM2.5)CO2 emissionsCO2 emissions per capitaForest areaRenewable energyLand areaHealth expenditureHealth expenditure per personInfant mortality rateLife expectancy at birthMaternal mortality ratioPhysiciansUnder-5 mortality rateAccess to electricityInternet usersMobile phone subscriptionsFemale labour force participationLabour force participationUnemployment rateYouth unemploymentWomen in parliamentGeneral government gross debt (% of GDP)Tax revenueHomicide rateOlympic medals, Summer Games (cumulative)
Demographics
Birth rate
23.0#59 of 199
2024· World Bank
Death rate
6.44#130 of 199
2024· World Bank
Net migration
-2,150#101 of 199
2025· World Bank
Population aged 0 to 14
34.9%#52 of 199
2025· World Bank
Population aged 65 and over
6.9%#109 of 199
2025· World Bank
Population density
145 /km²#69 of 197
2024· World Bank
Total fertility rate
3.10#54 of 199
2024· World Bank
Total population
99.0K#185 of 195
2024· IMF
Forecast 2031: 98.0K
Urban population
21.2%#193 of 199
2025· World Bank
Development
Economy
Agriculture
18.6%
2024· World Bank
Current account balance
-4.4%#127 of 166
2025· rank as of 2024· World Bank
Exports
16.9%#142 of 168
2024· World Bank
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP)
2.6%#73 of 183
2025· World Bank
GDP per capita, current prices
$6,498#109 of 195
2024· IMF
Forecast 2031: $8,735
GDP per capita, purchasing power parity
$7,590#145 of 195
2024· IMF
Forecast 2031: $10.0K
GDP, current prices, purchasing power parity
$755.00M#189 of 195
2024· IMF
Forecast 2031: $981.00M
GNI per capita (Atlas method)
$6,840#96 of 182
2025· World Bank
Gross domestic product (GDP), current prices
$646.00M#189 of 195
2024· IMF
Forecast 2031: $854.00M
Imports
60.7%#48 of 168
2024· World Bank
Industry
17.7%
2024· World Bank
Inflation rate (consumer prices, annual %)
5.6%#34 of 169
2025· World Bank
International tourist arrivals
94.0K#155 of 167
2019· World Bank
Real GDP growth (annual %)
4.4%#66 of 192
2025· IMF
Forecast 2031: 1.5%
Remittances received
39.3%#2 of 160
2025· rank as of 2024· World Bank
Services
49.5%
2024· World Bank
Trade openness
77.6%#92 of 168
2024· World Bank
Education
Adult literacy rate
99.5%
2023· World Bank
Primary school enrollment
108.8%#27 of 159
2024· rank as of 2023· World Bank
Public spending on education
5.3%#37 of 158
2022· World Bank
School enrollment, secondary (% gross)
92.4%#80 of 141
2024· rank as of 2023· World Bank
Tertiary education enrollment
42.9%#79 of 124
2023· World Bank
Environment
Geography
Health
Health expenditure
7.4%#75 of 192
2023· World Bank
Health expenditure per person
$358#104 of 191
2023· World Bank
Infant mortality rate
7.80#67 of 194
2024· World Bank
Life expectancy at birth
73.1 yrs#108 of 199
2024· World Bank
Maternal mortality ratio
67.0#112 of 194
2023· World Bank
Physicians
1.01#89 of 136
2021· rank as of 2020· World Bank
Under-5 mortality rate
9.50#69 of 194
2024· World Bank
Infrastructure
Labour
Politics
Public finance
Society
Sport
Values show the latest observed year for each indicator. Ranks compare countries on the most recent year with broad coverage. Forecasts are the source's own projections.